Contributors to the advances of medical science

There were some significant breakthroughs in the medical science field during the 20^th century. In 1928, Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin and cardiac surgeon Christian Barnard from South African first developed the human-to-human heart transplantation in 1967. All these advances have significantly contributed to the progression of medical science.

During the long period of medical science development, these individuals mentioned before are lucky that they are remembered by modern people. However, there have been a great number of medical visionaries, who have also made meaningful contribution. Some technological inventions may have resulted from the cooperation or collaboration of many scientists or surgeons.

Indeed, some medical advances have been honed and perfected over a long period of time, so that it is hard to give credit to a specific person or a specific group of contributors. The fact is that many people should receive their deserved credit due to their contribution to certain medical advances.

For instance, there were numerous pioneers of the laser eye surgery. Fyodorov from Russia was performing groundbreaking work in eye surgery field even before the invention of laser eye surgery. Later in 1960, the first artificial crystalline lens was implanted by him. With precise incision near the cornea region, Fyodorov created a surgery for myopia correction.

Besides contributions by Fyodorov, there were other doctors who have helped push laser eye surgery forward. The American physicist Theodore Maiman first developed and patented laser. All these pioneers have made concrete efforts for the invention of laser eye surgery in 1980s.

Another example is the invention of excimer laser eye surgery. Excimer laser was first invented by Nikolai Basov in 1970 but used for silicone computer chips at first. In 1980s, excimer laser was introduced to biological tissue. Steven Trokel from America patented excimer laser for use in corrective eye surgery. All these efforts and pioneering contributions made the first appearance of excimer laser eye surgery in 1987.

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